They Are
Absolute Masters Over The Indians, And Carry So Strict A Hand
Over Such As Are Within The Circle
Of their Trade, that none does
the least Injury to any of the English, but he is presently sent for,
And punish'd with Death, or otherwise, according to the Nature of the Fault.
They have an entire Friendship with the neighbouring Indians
of several Nations, which are a very warlike People, ever faithful
to the English, and have prov'd themselves brave and true
on all Occasions; and are a great Help and Strength to this Colony.
The Chief of the savage Nations have heretofore groan'd
under the Spanish Yoke, and having experienc'd their Cruelty,
are become such mortal Enemies to that People, that they never give
a Spaniard Quarter; but generally, when they take any Prisoners,
(if the English be not near to prevent it) sculp them, that is,
to take their Hair and Skin of their Heads, which they often flea away,
whilst the Wretch is alive. Notwithstanding the English have us'd
all their Endeavours, yet they could never bring them to leave
this Barbarity to the Spaniards; who, as they alledge,
use to murder them and their Relations, and make Slaves of them
to build their Forts and Towns.
This Place is more plentiful in Money, than most, or indeed
any of the Plantations on the Continent; besides, they build
a considerable Number of Vessels of Cedar, and other Wood,
with which they trade to Cuirassau, and the West Indies;
from one they bring Money, and from the other the Produce of their Islands,
which yields a necessary Supply of both to the Colony. Their Stocks of Cattle
are incredible, being from one to two thousand Head in one Man's Possession:
These feed in the Savannas, and other Grounds, and need no Fodder
in the Winter. Their Mutton and Veal is good, and their Pork is not inferior
to any in America. As for Pitch and Tar, none of the Plantations
are comparable for affording the vast Quantities of Naval Stores,
as this Place does. There have been heretofore some Discoveries of rich Mines
in the mountanous Part of this Country; but being remote from
the present Settlement, and the Inhabitants not well vers'd
in ordering Minerals, they have been laid aside 'till a more
fit Opportunity happens. There are several noble Rivers,
and spacious Tracts of rich Land in their Lordships Dominions,
lying to the Southward, which are yet uninhabited, besides Port Royal,
a rare Harbour and Inlet, having many Inhabitants thereon,
which their Lordships have now made a Port for Trade. This will be
a most advantageous Settlement, lying so commodiously for Ships
coming from the Gulph, and the Richness of the Land, which is reported
to be there. These more Southerly Parts will afford Oranges, Limons,
Limes, and many other Fruits, which the Northerly Plantations yield not.
The Merchants of Carolina, are fair, frank Traders. The Gentlemen
seated in the Country, are very courteous, live very nobly in their Houses,
and give very genteel Entertainment to all Strangers and others, that come
to visit them. And since the Produce of South and North Carolina
is the same, unless Silk, which this Place produces great Quantities of,
and very good, North Carolina having never made any Tryal thereof as yet,
therefore I shall refer the natural Produce of this Country,
to that Part which treats of North Carolina, whose Productions
are much the same. The Christian Inhabitants of both Colonies pretty equal,
but the Slaves of South Carolina are far more in Number than those
in the North. I shall now proceed to relate my Journey thro' the Country,
from this Settlement to the other, and then treat of the natural History
of Carolina, with other remarkable Circumstances which I have met with,
during my eight Years Abode in that Country.
A
JOURNAL
of
A thousand Miles Travel among the Indians, from South to North Carolina.
{Saturday.}
On December the 28th, 1700, I began my Voyage (for North Carolina)
from Charles-Town, being six English-men in Company,
with three Indian-men, and one Woman, Wife to our Indian-Guide,
having five Miles from the Town to the Breach we went down in a large Canoe,
that we had provided for our Voyage thither, having the Tide of Ebb
along with us; which was so far spent by that Time we got down,
that we had not Water enough for our Craft to go over, although we drew
but two Foot, or thereabouts. This Breach is a Passage through a Marsh
lying to the Northward of Sullivans Island, the Pilot's having
a Look out thereon, lying very commodious for Mariners, (on that Coast)
making a good Land-Mark in so level a Country, this Bar being
difficult to hit, where an Observation hath been wanting for a Day or two;
North East Winds bringing great Fogs, Mists, and Rains;
which, towards the cool Months of October, November,
and until the latter End of March, often appear in these Parts.
There are three Pilots to attend, and conduct Ships over the Bar.
The Harbour where the Vessels generally ride, is against the Town
on Cooper's River, lying within a Point which parts that and Ashley-River,
they being Land lock'd almost on all Sides.
At 4 in the Afternoon, (at half Flood) we pass'd with our Canoe
over the Breach, leaving Sullivans Island on our Starboard.
The first Place we design'd for, was Santee River, on which
there is a Colony of French Protestants, allow'd and encourag'd
by the Lords Proprietors. At Night we got to Bell's-Island,
a poor Spot of Land, being about ten Miles round, where liv'd (at that Time)
a Bermudian, being employ'd here with a Boy, to look after
a Stock of Cattle and Hogs, by the Owner of this Island.
One Side of the Roof of his House was thatch'd with Palmeto-leaves,
the other open to the Heavens, thousands of Musketoes, and other
troublesome Insects, tormenting both Man and Beast inhabiting these Islands.
{Palmeto-trees.} The Palmeto-trees, whose Leaves growing only
on the Top of the Tree, in the Shape of a Fan, and in a Cluster,
like a Cabbage; this Tree in Carolina, when at its utmost Growth,
is about forty or fifty Foot in Height, and two Foot through:
It's worth mentioning, that the Growth of the Tree is not perceivable
in the Age of any Man, the Experiment having been often try'd in Bermudas,
and elsewhere, which shews the slow Growth of this Vegitable,
the Wood of it being porous and stringy, like some Canes;
the Leaves thereof the Bermudians make Womens Hats, Bokeets,
Baskets, and pretty Dressing-boxes, a great deal being transported
to Pensilvania, and other Northern Parts of America,
(where they do not grow) for the same Manufacture.
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