The ARBRE SEC, and ARBRES DU SOLEIL ET DE LA LUNE. From a miniature in
the Prose Romance of Alexander, in the Brit. Museum MS. called the
Shrewsbury Book (Reg. xv. e. 6).
The CHINAR or Oriental Plane, viz., that called the Tree of Godfrey of
Boulogne at Buyukdere, near Constantinople. Borrowed from Le Monde
Vegetal of Figuier.
Portrait of H. H. AGHA KHAN MEHELATI, late representative of the OLD MAN
of the MOUNTAIN. From a photograph by Messrs. SHEPHERD and BOURNE.
Ancient SILVER PATERA of debased Greek Art, formerly in the possession of
the Princes of BADAKHSHAN, now in the India Museum.
Ancient BUDDHIST Temple at Pandrethan in KASHMIR. Borrowed from
Fergusson's History of Architecture.
Horns of the OVIS POLI, or Great Sheep of Pamir. Drawn by the Editor
from the specimen belonging to the Royal Asiatic Society.
Figure of the OVIS POLI or Great Sheep of Pamir. From a drawing by Mr.
Severtsof in a Russian publication.
Head of a native of KASHGAR. After Verchaguine. From the Tour du Monde.
View of KASHGAR. From Mr. R. Shaw's Tartary.
View of SAMARKAND. From a Sketch by Mr. D. IVANOFF, engraved in a Russian
Illustrated Paper (kindly sent by Mr. I. to the editor).
Colossal Figure; BUDDHA entering NIRVANA. Sketched by the Editor at Pagan
in Burma.
Great LAMA MONASTERY, viz., that at Jehol. After Staunton's Narrative of
Lord Macartney's Embassy.
The Kyang, or WILD ASS of Mongolia. After a plate by Wolf in the
Journal of the Royal Zoological Society.
The Situation of Karakorum.
Entrance to the Erdeni Tso, Great Temple. From MARCEL MONNIER'S Tour d'
Asie, by kind permission of M. PLON.
Death of Chinghiz Khan. From a Miniature in the Livre des Merveilles.
Dressing up a Tent, from MARCEL MONNIER'S Tour d' Asie, by kind
permission of M. PLON.
Mediaeval TARTAR HUTS and WAGGONS. Drawn by Sig. QUINTO CENNI, on a design
compiled by the Editor from the descriptions of mediaeval and later
travellers.
Tartar IDOLS and KUMIS Churn. Drawn by the Editor after data in Pallas
and Zaleski (Vie des Steppes Kirghiz).
The SYRRHAPTES PALLASII; Bargherlac of Marco Polo. From a plate by Wolf
in the Ibis for April, 1860.
REEVES'S PHEASANT. After an engraving in Wood's Illustrated Natural
History.
The RAMPART of GOG and MAGOG. From a photograph of the Great Wall of
China. Borrowed from Dr. Rennie's Peking and the Pekingese.
A PAVILION at Yuen-Ming-Yuen, to illustrate the probable style of Kublai
Kaan's Summer Palace. Borrowed from Michie's Siberian Overland Route.
CHINESE CONJURING Extraordinary. Extracted from an engraving in Edward
Melton's Zeldzaame Reizen, etc. Amsterdam, 1702.
A MONASTERY of LAMAS. Borrowed from the Tour du Monde.
A TIBETAN BACSI. Sketched from the life by the Editor.
BOOK SECOND. - PART FIRST.
NAKKARAS. From a Chinese original in the Lois des Empereurs Mandchous
(Thai-Thsing-Hoei-Tien-Thou), in the Paris Library.
NAKKARAS. After one of the illustrations in Blochmann's edition of the
Ain-i-Akbari.
Seljukian Coin, with the LION and the SUN (A.H. 640). After Marsden's
Numismata Orientalia, No. 98. Engraved by Adeney.
Sculptured GERFALCON from the Gate of Iconium. Copied from Hammer's
Falknerklee.
Portrait of the Great KAAN KUBLAI. From a Chinese engraving in the
Encyclopaedia called San Thsai-Thou-Hoei; in the Paris Library.
Ideal Plan of the Ancient Palaces of the Mongol Emperors at Khanbaligh,
according to Dr. Bretschneider.
Palace at Khan-baligh. From the Livre des Merveilles.
The WINTER PALACE at PEKING. Borrowed from Fergusson's History of
Architecture.
View of the "GREEN MOUNT." From a photograph kindly lent to the present
Editor by Count de SEMALLE.
The Yuean ch'eng. From a photograph kindly lent to the present Editor by
Count de SEMALLE.
South GATE of the "IMPERIAL CITY" at Peking. From an original sketch
belonging to the late Dr. W. Lockhart.
The BUGUT EAGLE. After Atkinson's Oriental and Western Siberia.
The TENTS of the EMPEROR K'ien-lung. From a drawing in the Staunton
Collection in the British Museum.
Plain of CAMBALUC; the City in the distance; from the hills on the
north-west. From a photograph. Borrowed from Dr. Rennie's Peking.
The Great TEMPLE OF HEAVEN at Peking. From Michie's Siberian Overland
Route.
MARBLE ARCHWAY erected under the MONGOL DYNASTY at Kiu-Yong Kwan in the
Nan-k'au Pass, N.W. of Peking. From a photograph in the possession of the
present Editor.
MARCO POLO AND HIS BOOK.
INTRODUCTORY NOTICES.
I. OBSCURITIES IN THE HISTORY OF HIS LIFE AND BOOK. RAMUSIO'S STATEMENTS.
[Illustration: Doorway of the House of Marco Polo in the Corte Sabbionera,
at Venice]
[Sidenote: Obscurities of Polo's Book, and personal History.]
1. With all the intrinsic interest of Marco Polo's Book it may perhaps be
doubted if it would have continued to exercise such fascination on many
minds through succesive generations were it not for the difficult
questions which it suggests. It is a great book of puzzles, whilst our
confidence in the man's veracity is such that we feel certain every puzzle
has a solution.
And such difficulties have not attached merely to the identification of
places, the interpretation of outlandish terms, or the illustration of
obscure customs; for strange entanglements have perplexed also the chief
circumstances of the Traveller's life and authorship. The time of the
dictation of his Book and of the execution of his Last Will have been
almost the only undisputed epochs in his biography. The year of his birth
has been contested, and the date of his death has not been recorded; the
critical occasion of his capture by the Genoese, to which we seem to owe
the happy fact that he did not go down mute to the tomb of his fathers,
has been made the subject of chronological difficulties; there are in the
various texts of his story variations hard to account for; the very tongue
in which it was written down has furnished a question, solved only in our
own age, and in a most unexpected manner.
