The battle took place, not in the
Yung Ch'ang plain, but in the territory of the Shan Chief of Nan-tien. The
official description of China under the Ming (Ta Ming yi lung che, k.
87, 38 v deg.) tells us that Nan-tien before its annexation by Kublai Khan,
bore the name of Nan Sung or Nang Sung, and to-day the pass which cuts
this territory in the direction of T'eng Yueh is called Nang-Sung-kwan. It
is hardly possible to doubt that this is the place called Nga-caung-khyam
by the Burmese Chronicles. (Bul. Ecole franc. Ext. Orient, Oct.-Dec.,
1909, p. 652.)
LVI., p. 117 n.
A Map in the Yun Nan Topography Section 9, "Tu-ssu" or Sawbwas, marks the
Kingdom of "Eight hundred wives" between the mouths of the Irrawaddy and
the Salween Rivers. (Note kindly sent by Mr. H.A. OTTEWILL.)
LIX., p. 128.
CAUGIGU.
M. Georges Maspero, L'Empire Khmer, p. 77 n., thinks that Canxigu =
Luang Prabang; I read Caugigu and I believe it is a transcription of
Kiao-Chi Kwe, see p. 131.
LIX., pp. 128, 131.
"I have identified, II., p. 131, Caugigu with Kiao-Chi kwe (Kiao Chi),
i.e. Tung King." Hirth and Rockhill (Chau Ju-kua, p. 46 n.) write:
"'Kiau chi' is certainly the original of Marco Polo's Caugigu and of
Rashideddin's Kafchi kue."
[1] Pen ts'ao kang mu, Ch. 25, p. 14b.
[2] Regarding this name and its history, see PELLIOT, Journ. Asiatique,
1912, I., p. 582. Qara Khodja was celebrated for its abundance of
grapes. (BRETSCHNEIDER, Mediaeval Res., I., p. 65.) J. DUDGEON (The
Beverages of the Chinese, p. 27) misreading it Ha-so-hwo, took it for
the designation of a sort of wine. STUART (Chinese Materia Medica,
p. 459) mistakes it for a transliteration of "hollands," or may be
"alcohol." The latter word has never penetrated into China in any
form.
[3] This work is also the first that contains the word a-la-ki,
from Arabic 'araq. (See T'oung Pao, 1916, p, 483.)
[4] A range of mountains separating Shan Si from Chi li and Ho Nan.
[5] This is probably a phantasy. We can make nothing of it, as it is not
stated how the adulterated wine was made.
[6] This possibly is the earliest Chinese allusion to alcohol.
BOOK SECOND. - CONTINUED.
PART III. - JOURNEY SOUTHWARD THROUGH EASTERN PROVINCES OF CATHAY AND
MANZI.
LX., p. 133.
CH'ANG LU.
The Rev. A.C. MOULE (T'oung Pao, July, 1915, p. 417) says that "Ciang
lu [Ch'anglu] was not, I think, identical with Ts'ang chou," but does not
give any reason in support of this opinion.
CH'ANG LU SALT.
"To this day the sole name for this industry, the financial centre of
which is T'ien Tsin, is the 'Ch'ang-lu Superintendency.'" (E.H. PARKER,
As. Quart.
