The Travels Of Marco Polo - Volume 2 Of 2 By Marco Polo And Rustichello Of Pisa











































 -  There is a distinct tradition, not only amongst the people now
inhabiting Kayal, but in the district of Tinnevelly generally - Page 720
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There Is A Distinct Tradition, Not Only Amongst The People Now Inhabiting Kayal, But In The District Of Tinnevelly Generally, That Kayal, During The Period Of Its Greatness, Was Ruled By A King.

This king is sometimes spoken of as one of 'the Five Kings' who reigned in various parts of Tinnevelly, but whether he was independent of the King of Madura, or only a viceroy, the people cannot now say....

The tradition of the people of Kayal is that ... Sur-Raja was the name of the last king of the place. They state that this last king was a Mahommedan, ... but though Sur-Raja does not sound like the name of a Mahommedan prince, they all agree in asserting that this was his name.... Can this Sur be the person whom Marco calls Asciar? Probably not, as Asciar seems to have been a Hindu by religion. I have discovered what appears to be a more probable identification in the name of a prince mentioned in an inscription on the walls of a temple at Sri-Vaikuntham, a town on the Tamraparni R., about 20 miles from Kayal. In the inscription in question a donation to the temple is recorded as having been given in the time of 'Asadia-deva called also Surya-deva' This name 'Asadia' is neither Sanskrit nor Tamil; and as the hard d is often changed into r, Marco's Ashar may have been an attempt to render this Asad. If this Asadia or Surya-deva were really Sundara-pandi-deva's brother, he must have ruled over a narrow range of country, probably over Kayal alone, whilst his more eminent brother was alive; for there is an inscription on the walls of a temple at Sindamangalam, a place only a few miles from Kayal, which records a donation made to the place 'in the reign of Sundara-pandi-deva.'"[3]

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